Kategorie: Workflows

  • My Personal Journey to Time Tracking

    My Personal Journey to Time Tracking

    The year 2018 marked a significant turning point in my life: I graduated and embarked on my first job, while simultaneously considering the pursuit of a PhD. This period was fraught with challenges, as I juggled the demands of starting a new role as the associate to the president of a private university in Berlin—an endeavor that proved to be overwhelming due to the immense responsibilities thrust upon me—and my lack of experience and work structuring.

    My approach to work at that time was unstructured, a carryover from my university days, and I found myself dissatisfied with my productivity and overall work habits. The job itself was a bit of a disaster in the beginning, as I struggled to cope with the vast array of tasks without a clear strategy in place. There was an undeniable sense that I had too much on my plate, and no discernible path on how to manage it effectively.

    It was in this state of overextension that I turned to time tracking. I sought to gain a better understanding of where my hours were going and to develop a system that would help me handle my workload more efficiently.

    And indeed, time tracking had a significant positive impact on my work process.

    The Ways in Which It Helped Me

    The effect was twofold: First, it helped me understand where my working hours were going. That was important because I had at least three major commitments at the time: my job as a research assistant, the early stages of my PhD, and this blog. On top of that, I had just started following the ideas from Deep Work by Cal Newport*, which meant I also wanted to spend more time reading, exercising, and generally developing myself personally. Not an easy balancing act.

    Time tracking allowed me to get an overview and develop a sense of how different workloads actually feel. It’s quite comparable to calorie tracking: when you rigorously track your food intake for a while, you develop an awareness of what you’re eating, gain a better understanding of which foods are hidden calorie bombs and which aren’t. Similarly, it helped me better assess both myself and my productivity. I started to get a feel for how long it typically takes me to complete a specific task.

    But time tracking had another positive effect: it added a sense of accountability to my work. Pressing the start button felt like a commitment to genuinely focus and work. A fairly simple psychological trick, for sure—but one that worked. And as we know, that’s what really counts.

    The technical implementation

    Before I get into why I no longer track my time—despite all the clear benefits—I want to briefly explain how I set it up technically.

    The answer is simple: Toggl and Timery. Toggl is a web-based time tracking service that can be used for free. However, since I didn’t really like the official apps, I used Timery from the start. Timery is developed by an independent developer and is available for iPhone, iPad, and Mac, which means it’s always within easy reach. It also integrates very well with Siri Shortcuts, so you can even build your own workflows if the app’s standard features aren’t enough for your needs.

    I organized things by creating projects for the major areas of my life, then used tags to further specify what kind of work I was doing. For example, I had a project called PhD, and under that, I used tags to track tasks like administrative work or actual content-related research. I also had a few more general timers, like one for exercise. This setup allowed me to clearly see how I was dividing my time across the different spheres of my life. It also helped me check whether I was spending my time on the right kind of work—such as actually doing substantive research for my PhD, rather than getting lost in admin tasks.

    And Why I Have Stopped

    So, why did I decide to stop tracking my time at the end of 2024? And did I replace it with something else—or am I now just working however I feel like?

    Primarily, after so many years, I no longer felt that time tracking was giving me more value than it was costing me in effort. You constantly have to remember to start and stop the timer, which adds to your mental load—compared to simply sitting down and getting to work. But what ultimately made the difference for me was that I began to feel restricted by the sense of work obligation I mentioned earlier. Once I activated a specific timer, I felt like I was only allowed to work on that one task. Of course, that’s irrational—but psychologically, it affected me that way. More and more, I felt like I was forcing myself into a rigid structure that wasn’t doing me any good.

    And that brings me to the second point: After so many years of analyzing my habits, I had already developed highly productive practices. In other words, I had solved the original problem. Time tracking—especially the end-of-year reports—had become more of a nice gimmick than something that offered real value to my work.

    Thirdly, at some point, it became an end in itself. It was no longer about completing meaningful tasks, but about accumulating as much time as possible under specific projects. And that’s just completely absurd.

    So, in October or November 2024, I decided to stop. I had originally planned to finish the year, but in the end, I just let it go—and it felt incredibly liberating.

    The Daily Achievement Score as an Alternative

    Does this mean I no longer quantify my work at all? No. Instead, I came up with a system designed to measure my progress in a goal-oriented way. I now assign each task in my to-do manager a score from 1 to 5—depending on how demanding and important it is. You can think of it like story points in software development. It’s not always perfectly accurate, of course, but over time I’ve developed a pretty good sense of what counts as a 2-point task versus a 4- or 5-point one. The next day, I add up how much I got done the day before.

    This gives me a built-in incentive to tackle the hard and genuinely important tasks, rather than just checking off administrative work. In the end, sure—it’s still a bit of a game. But it works well for me because I’m very responsive to gamification.

    If this article shows anything, it’s this: Our needs evolve, and we should regularly reflect on whether our processes and tools still meet those needs. And when we realize they don’t, we shouldn’t hesitate to make a clean break.

  • Instant Focus Boost: Tap into Mac & iOS’s Hidden Soundscapes!

    In a world where distractions are just a notification away, finding focus can sometimes be a tall order. Whether it’s for work, study, or just some quiet reading time, the presence of background noise such as White Noise or the soothing sounds of ocean waves can be the concentration aid many individuals need. This is not just anecdotal; a study published on the British Psychological Society’s Research Digest reports that white noise can boost attention and creativity, albeit the improvements are modest. Here’s the link to the study for those interested in the details. Now, if you’re a Mac or iOS user, there’s good news: your devices come with a built-in feature to help you immerse in these concentration-enhancing sounds. Let’s dive into how you can leverage this Background Noise feature to create your ideal focused environment.

    Indeed, it’s quite straightforward to access and utilize the Background Noise feature on your Mac or iOS devices. Here’s a quick tip on how to set it up:

    1. Open the ‚Settings‘ on your Mac or iPhone/iPad.
    2. Navigate to the ‚Control Center‘ section.
    3. Look for the ‚Hearing‘ option and select ‚Show in Control Center‘ or hit the plus button on iOS, respectively.

    6 high-quality sounds at your finger tips

    With these simple steps, the little ear icon will now be a part of your Control Center, ready to serve you with calming sounds at a moment’s notice. Once you’ve added the Hearing option to your Control Center, using Background Sounds is just as easy:

    1. Open the Control Center on your Mac or iOS device.
    2. Tap on the ear icon, which represents the Hearing option.
    3. From there, select ‚Background Sounds‘.
    I really like the Ocean Soundscape!

    You’ll be presented with a choice of six different ambient soundscapes: Balanced Noise, Bright Noise, Dark Noise, as well as natural sounds like Ocean, Rain, and Stream. This feature makes it unnecessary to download third-party apps for background noise, allowing you to enjoy these sounds with just a few taps. It’s a simple and integrated solution to enhance your concentration without cluttering your device with extra applications.

  • My Paper Reading Workflow

    Streamlining Academic Research: A PhD Student’s Guide to Efficient Literature Management

    In the realm of academic research, an efficient workflow for handling scholarly literature is invaluable. As a PhD student and migration researcher, I have developed over the past years a workflow that allows me to efficiently search, download, read, and annotate my research literature. Although this process can be complex, it has proven to be extremely beneficial in my work. Thus, I am eager to share this workflow with others, hoping it can assist you in your endeavours as well. It might sound complicated, but I assure you, it’s not. So, without further ado, let’s delve into the details.

    Discovering Relevant Literature for a Case Study on Migration Policy in Italy

    When I started my case study on migration policy in Italy, my ideas were still vague, and my main goal was to gain an overview of the relevant literature. For this purpose, I have been using innovative tools such as Litmaps.co and researchrabbit.com. These platforms allow users to upload individual papers or search based on their DOI. They then provide additional papers that match the initial one, either because they were cited by the original paper or they cite it. This feature quickly gives an overview of the relevant literature in the field.

    Litmaps is an amazing tool to quickly identify key readings in a particular field

    In particular, Litmaps stands out due to its practicality. Not only does it help find related papers, but it also allows users to download these findings as a BibTeX file. This feature is extremely convenient as it enables an immediate import into a literature management tool like Zotero.

    Thus, within a short period, I can compile a list of relevant literature to work through. Additionally, the bibliographic data is readily available due to the import into Zotero. This combination of tools and techniques has streamlined my literature discovery process, making my research more efficient.

    Procuring PDFs: Diverse Approaches to Accessing Knowledge

    Once I have my list of relevant literature, the next step is to obtain the actual PDFs. There are several methods I use to accomplish this, each with its own advantages.

    Firstly, I utilize the online catalog of my university. Given that institutions often have subscriptions to a variety of academic databases, this is a great first stop to find the full text of articles.

    If this doesn’t yield the desired results, I turn to a general internet search. Specifically, I use DuckDuckGo and append ‚filetype:pdf‘ to the search query. This often helps locate the PDF version of a piece of literature quickly and efficiently. Specialized platforms like ResearchGate are another great resource. Many researchers upload their papers there, making it a useful tool for accessing academic materials.

    Finally, when all else fails, I resort to Sci-Hub. While controversial, I believe it underscores a crucial point: knowledge should be free. It has often proven invaluable in accessing materials that might otherwise be out of reach.

    Reading and Annotating: The Role of PDF Expert by Readdle

    To read and annotate these papers, I use PDF Expert by Readdle. I’ve tried many PDF readers over the years, but PDF Expert has consistently proven to be the best. Moreover, my license allows me to use PDF Expert both on my Mac and iPad.

    Typically, I prefer using my iPad for this task. The experience of highlighting texts with the Apple Pencil is simply more pleasant. To ensure synchronization between my devices, I store the texts in the Documents by Readdle folder in iCloud. This setup allows me to read and annotate seamlessly, regardless of the device I’m using.

    When it comes to the actual reading of the literature, there aren’t any shortcuts or secret techniques – it’s a part of the process you simply have to do. While there are strategies to enhance understanding and retention, the most critical factor is the time and effort you put into reading and understanding the material.

    Transferring Annotations to Obsidian: Leveraging Alfred Workflows

    After thoroughly reading and annotating the PDFs, the challenge is then how to transfer these critical literature notes from the PDF into Obsidian for further work. While PDF Expert does offer a feature for this and even supports Markdown, I find it too inflexible for my needs. For instance, it doesn’t support custom templates for export, which would require me to painstakingly reformat my literature notes.

    To circumvent this, I use an Alfred workflow developed by Chris Grieser, also known as Pseudometa. He is a well-known figure in the Obsidian community, having also developed the Shimmering Focus Theme for Obsidian. This workflow allows me to efficiently transfer my annotations from PDF Expert into Obsidian, maintaining the format I prefer, and saving considerable time and effort.

    Alfred Workflows: Streamlining the Transfer of Annotations

    The technical details behind the Alfred workflow aren’t necessary for this discussion. What’s important is that it’s designed as a workflow for Alfred, a launcher app that replaces Spotlight. Grieser explains how to configure the workflow on Github, and spoiler alert: it’s straightforward.

    Part of the configuration includes assigning a keyboard shortcut. Once I’ve finished reading and annotating the PDF, I return to the folder, press the shortcut, and the script automatically extracts all the annotations, including the correct page numbers – invaluable for academic work.

    To ensure the workflow functions, I must name the file after its cite key. Otherwise, the association in Zotero wouldn’t work. However, thanks to the BetterBibTex plugin for Zotero, this isn’t an issue.

    So, Grieser’s script creates a Markdown document with all the marked spots and the bibliographic information as metadata. It’s completely tailored to my needs, as I can fully adjust the underlying template.

    From Seedbox to Archive: The Final Steps in the Workflow

    With the perfect literature note in my Seedbox folder in Obsidian, I can then continue to work with it. For example, I can incorporate individual findings into articles or chapters of my PhD – a wonderful workflow where everything interlocks seamlessly, and the traceability of my sources is ensured for me.

    Once I’ve finished working with a text to this extent, I move the file to Devonthink as it serves as my archive. I copy the item link and add it to the corresponding entry in Zotero. This way, I can directly access the PDF in Devonthink from Zotero in the future.

    And that’s how I research, read, and archive papers. This workflow has streamlined my research process, ensuring I can focus on the content rather than the logistics.

  • Add your COVID vaccination certificate to the Wallet app with iOS 15.4

    Add your COVID vaccination certificate to the Wallet app with iOS 15.4

    The latest iOS release 15.4 has a few new features to offer, including the ability to use FaceID while wearing a mask. Also new is the function to import the Covid vaccination certificate (for EU citizens) into the iPhone Wallet and the Health app.

    To accomplish this, you don’t have to do anything other than scan the QR code you received after getting vaccinated – that’s it. After that, you can find the proof in both Health and Wallet.

    With a quick double-click on the side button of the iPhone, you can open the Wallet app.

  • How I use Twitter, Readwise, and Obsidian to keep myself updated on the war in Ukraine

    How I use Twitter, Readwise, and Obsidian to keep myself updated on the war in Ukraine

    I don’t want to say too many words about the terrible things that are going on in Ukraine right now. This is the wrong place for that. But the war there prompted me to inform myself very thoroughly about various topics, such as the history of the war, the situation in Crimea or the Donbass, or military-strategic considerations, so that I can better assess the situation there. As a political scientist, I also have a professional interest in this regard. Twitter has become an enormously important source for me.

    You can say whatever you want about Twitter, but there are also a lot of very smart people there that I would never meet otherwise. On Twitter, they write easily accessible long threads about their expertise, and for me, these are enormously helpful entry points. Now, Twitter is not designed for the consumption of long texts. Long threads are not particularly comfortable to read, let alone process.

    Readwise and Obsidian in concert

    To solve this problem, I use the Twitter bot from Readwise, which I wrote about before. I just have to write the comment @Readwiseio save thread below a tweet, and the bot captures the thread. Since I have my Twitter account put into my Readwise account, that’s where the thread goes.

    So much for the import. But it gets really exciting with the export function of Readwise. Here, I have installed the official Readwise plugin in Obsidian, so that new highlights are imported directly to Obsidian. There I also read the thread, because I can use parts of it directly for my own notes or compare and relate sources. In connection with my Obsidian Set-Up this works flawlessly and automated, so exactly the way you want it. Twitter is an important source of information for me, and in combination with Readwise and Obsidian I can also work with it productively.

    If you want to try Readwise, feel free to use this link for that. We will both get a free month.

  • Papierlos Guide (4) – Lernen mit dem Zettelkasten

    Papierlos Guide (4) – Lernen mit dem Zettelkasten

    Ich habe hier schon öfter beschrieben, dass man mit Wissensressourcen arbeiten muss, wenn man sie sich wirklich aneignen möchte. Aber was meine ich damit? Ich möchte die folgenden Zeilen nutzen, um mal darzustellen, wie mich der Zettelkasten von Niklas Luhmann inspiriert hat und wie sich meine Herangehensweise über die Jahre auch geändert hat.

    (mehr …)

  • The Paperless Guide (2) – Making sense of lecture notes

    The Paperless Guide (2) – Making sense of lecture notes

    Lecture notes are a funny thing: They are incredibly practical, because you don’t have to write everything down frantically. On the other hand, they also tempt you not to really learn – but only to pretend to learn.

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  • Der Papierlos Guide (2) – Vorlesungsskripte sinnvoll nutzen

    Der Papierlos Guide (2) – Vorlesungsskripte sinnvoll nutzen

    Vorlesungsskripte sind so eine Sache: Sie sind unheimlich praktisch, da man nicht wie verrückt alles mitschreiben muss. Auf der anderen Seite verleiten sie aber auch dazu, nicht wirklich zu lernen – sondern nur so zu tun.

    (mehr …)

  • Organize notes in Obsidian – my workflow

    Organize notes in Obsidian – my workflow

    Organizing notes in Obsidian is certainly possible thanks to folders and hashtags. However, I wanted to take a different approach and rely on a mixture of tables of contents (or maps of content), tag pages, and very classic folders. A detailed overview of my file structure in Obsidian

    For about a year now, I can’t imagine my daily work without Obsidian. In the beginning, I was just looking for a home for my Zettelkasten, but in the meantime I write everything from quick notes to diary entries to scientific papers in Obsidian. And sometime last year I realized that it would no longer be enough to treat Obsidian like a Zettelkasten. Because it wasn’t (just) that anymore.

    Sure; if I only kept notes and fragments of knowledge in Obsidian, there would be no need for structuring beyond tags or the like. But I use Obsidian every day for my normal work and for that I need quick access to all notes and texts from the project I’m working on. If I had to use search every time to find the summary of a meeting, for example, I could stop working right now – I simply wouldn’t get anything done. So I had to find a system to structure the different types of text in Obsidian and make them quickly accessible. I decided on a mixed system of tags, folders and maps of content.

    Folders for different types of notes

    The first organizing principle is folders, but they are filled very disproportionately. The background is that I do not use thematic folders, but divide them by note types (with one exception). The following folders are currently in use:

    My folders in Obsidian

    0 [Seedbox][1] is my inbox. New notes end up there first, whether I create them in Obsidian or import them from another app. Extracted notes from Zotero consequently end up there as well. I often leave notes there that I’m working on. I usually take a closer look once a week and decide which notes get moved to 11 Notes as permanent notes, what can be deleted and what stays there for now. With that, we’ve already anticipated the second folder: 11 Notes contains the absolute bulk of my notes, as it’s the place for all content notes I want to keep – regardless of the topic. Classic Zettelkasten notes are there as well as texts I wrote for the blog or drafts of scientific publications.

    1 Indexes and MOCs contains the already mentioned Maps of Content which I will discuss in the next section.

    2 Daily Notes contains my daily notes, which I use as a kind of diary. I usually capture there what I did during the day, what I was happy with and what I was not. I find this kind of reflection to be an extremely valuable part of trying to continually improve myself.

    3 Meetings contains meeting notes that I want to keep separate so that I can quickly get to a specific meeting if I need to review something. I have also created a template for meetings, so that my meeting notes are always structured according to the same scheme. Together with the [Templater Plugin][2] I can create a meeting note in no time and focus on the content.

    In 4 People there are notes about people. Especially for my PhD this is very valuable, because I often read the names of people that might be interesting later on. Interview partners sometimes give clues to other interesting people, or you meet someone at a conference, but you wouldn’t remember them after a few years.

    The folders 5 Categories, 7 Attachments and 8 Templates are quickly told: In the first one are my category notes. Pretty much every note gets a category according to the scheme @category. For example, a note about a book gets @book. A podcast gets @podcast. But I also use categories like @PhD or @PapierlosStudieren. I use the @ sign only so that I can see the category at first glance and so that it stands out better from other tags. For me, categories are just tag pages, which I will discuss below.

    7 Attachments is then simply my folder for all attachments (images and PDFs) and 8 Templates holds – not surprisingly – templates for notes.

    My PhD folder as an exception

    What remains? 6 Literature, 9 Reviews, 10 PhD and Old notes. Maybe starting directly at the end: In Old Notes are leftovers from an older system, which I still haven’t integrated completely. A bit like the last moving box, which still stands in the corner half a year after moving into the new apartment. But one day it will be unpacked, eventually.

    In 6 Literature there are literature notes. These are often quotes or marked parts of texts that I imported to Obsidian to write new notes with them. How I do that, I have described in detail [here][3]. I have a separate folder for it, because it’s often not my own thoughts, but what I find exciting in other people‘ s work. To separate both, I use different folders. There are also resumés for books I’ve read. Every book I read gets a little résumé in which I briefly note what it was about and what I thought of it.

    There is not much in the ninth folder yet. In principle, however, annual reviews or reflections on my [annual theme][4] end up there. All the reflections I do in regular intervals to think about whether I’m still on the right path (for me).

    10 PhD is then the only exception, as there is not a specific kind of note in here, but everything (content-wise) related to my dissertation. As much as I like to use tags and search, I also like to click through folders from time to time and with such an important and at the same time extensive project as my dissertation, I wanted to have a place where everything can be found. Hence this folder, which doesn’t fit into the system, but gives me peace of mind as I have a very specific place to go for all my thoughts, notes and texts on my PhD project. I can still use tags and search, so I don’t lose anything.

    Quick accesses and Maps of Content

    So much, then, for my basic folder structure, which still doesn’t do that much with actual content notes. Here I use tables of contents, also called Maps of Content in the English-language discussion. These are located in the appropriate folder (see above). I have created these maps of content on different hierarchical levels. At the top is my index, where I link all other MOCs. So to speak a table of contents for tables of contents.

    Then there are the actual MOCs, each representing a large area of my life. For example, I have one for everything related to my work as a social scientist or one for my freelance work as a writer and blogger. In another, I link my mini-reviews that I write for each book I read. Within these MOCs, individual project MOCs or individual notes can then be linked. Here I just decide based on what feels useful to me. Often this comes with working as well. I’m working on a project and I always need that one note, so I end up just linking it in the appropriate MOC. Also, MOCs are very helpful for me to clear my mind. I don’t like having to rely solely on search, and that’s where MOCs give me the ability to create a clickable collection of all project components.

    An example from my MOC for the blog
    and my books MOC, where I link short reviews of books I read

    And then there are the pinned notes that Obsidian itself provides. Here, notes can be pinned with a keyboard shortcut and quickly retrieved. I find this very helpful, because I can pin everything I need regularly, including MOCs and searches! Currently I have there

    • pinned my most important MOCs (Index, Academia, my old project I worked for until the end of 2020 and my PhD MOC),
    • a note containing article ideas for the blog,
    • a help note with the color codes I use to mark up PDFs,
    • a search for all notes that have something to do with my [newsletter][5]
    • and this article.
    My current pinned notes and searches

    Topic pages instead of tags

    The last thing that remains is how I connect pages with similar topics. Many will resort to tags (i.e. #) here, as you know it from Twitter. I usually don’t do that, but use topic pages. To do this, I simply create a [[topic page]] and link to it at the end of the note. A note about academic writing would then have e.g. [[academicWriting]] linked. This has the advantage that I create keywords over time that work like pages. So I can quickly see all the notes that have been linked to that topic page via backlinks. Also, I can potentially expand topic pages into „real“ notes simply by writing in the still empty note. I can’t do that with hashtags.

    Combining structure and flexibility

    Obsidian does not provide structure. This is both a curse and a blessing. At the beginning, I still thought that the search and the Knowledge Graph would be completely sufficient for me. However, from the moment I started using Obsidian for my daily work, I quickly reached its limits. I simply lacked quick access and overviews so that I didn’t have to search for a note every time I was in a meeting, for example. With the combination of topic pages, pinned notes, folders and maps of content, I now feel like I have enough structure in Obsidian to not panic every time I can’t find a note.

    My constantly growing Knowledge Graph

    At the same time, my content notes are still all in one folder, so I get the inherent benefits of Obsidian. With the Knowledge Graph, I can still drift and roam associatively through my knowledge base in a beautiful way. Obsidian’s great strength (among others) is precisely this flexibility. I can easily adapt it to my preferences and working conditions. On the other hand, it also increases the barrier to entry, since you really have to think about what you want and need. For me, though, it was more than worth it.

  • Notizen organisieren in Obsidian  – mein Workflow

    Notizen organisieren in Obsidian – mein Workflow

    Notizen in Obsidian zu organisieren ist dank Ordnern und Hashtags durchaus möglich. Ich wollte aber einen anderen Ansatz und setze auf eine Mischung aus Inhaltsverzeichnissen (oder auch Maps of Content), Tag-Seiten und ganz klassischen Ordnern. Eine detaillierte Übersicht meiner Dateistruktur in Obsidian

    (mehr …)